Southern Ocean

Southern Ocean Circulation Reversal Detected: Major Climate Threat Unfolding

Utilizing satellite data processing algorithms developed by ICM-CSIC, researchers have detected a reversal in the Southern Ocean’s circulation, the SMOC, a phenomenon never before observed. This shift, identified through satellite observations, shows a sustained increase in surface salinity, indicating that deep water is rising to the surface, bringing with it heat and CO₂. This reversal could accelerate sea ice melt and lead to increased atmospheric CO₂ concentrations, potentially doubling current levels. The team’s findings highlight the critical role of the SMOC in regulating global climate and underscore the need for further research to understand the cascading effects of this disruption.

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Colossal Squid Filmed Alive for First Time

For the first time, a colossal squid was filmed in its natural habitat, a juvenile specimen near the South Sandwich Islands at a depth of 600 meters. The footage, captured during a 35-day expedition, reveals a 30cm-long squid, a species that can grow up to 7 meters long and weigh 500kg. This discovery, marking the centennial of the species’ identification, provides invaluable insights into the elusive colossal squid’s life cycle, previously known mostly from remains found in marine animal stomachs. The team also captured the first-ever footage of a glacial glass squid, highlighting the vast unexplored biodiversity of the Southern Ocean.

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