To combat Russia’s sanctions-evading “shadow fleet,” Sweden will strengthen its verification of foreign vessels’ insurance status starting July 1st. This expanded scrutiny, encompassing ships transiting Swedish waters and not just those docking, will involve the Coast Guard and Maritime Administration. The initiative aims to deter the use of uninsured, poorly maintained ships and provide data for further sanctions enforcement. Swedish officials believe this heightened monitoring will disrupt the shadow fleet’s operations and improve Baltic Sea security.
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The EU implemented its seventeenth sanctions package against Russia on May 20th, targeting nearly 200 vessels within Russia’s shadow fleet and addressing hybrid threats and human rights violations. This action follows previous announcements regarding increased pressure on Russia, including potential sanctions against supporting financial institutions. Work has already begun on an eighteenth package, potentially targeting banks outside the EU that aid Russia’s military. The EU’s stance remains firm: escalated Russian aggression will be met with progressively stronger countermeasures.
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On May 14th, a Gabon-flagged tanker, JAGUAR, part of Russia’s shadow fleet, entered Estonian airspace in the Gulf of Finland en route to Primorsk. Estonia responded by deploying naval and air assets to intercept the vessel, which ultimately anchored near Gogland Island after refusing to alter course. A Russian Su-35 fighter jet provided cover for the JAGUAR, lacking communication with Estonian air traffic control. This incident follows a previous Estonian seizure of a similar vessel, and comes amidst EU sanctions targeting Russia’s shadow fleet.
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Estonia’s navy detained the Kiwala, a Russia-linked tanker, in its territorial waters for violating maritime law by sailing without a national flag while en route to a Russian port. The ship, flagged in Djibouti according to MarineTraffic but lacking proper documentation at the time of interception, was part of the “shadow fleet” evading Western sanctions on Russian oil. Authorities are investigating the vessel’s activities and legal status. This marks Estonia’s first operation targeting this sanctioned oil trade.
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A Helsinki court ordered the indefinite seizure of the Cook Islands-flagged oil tanker Eagle S, suspected of damaging the EstLink 2 electricity cable and Baltic Sea telecommunications lines on December 25th. The ship, believed to be part of Russia’s “shadow fleet,” is held near Helsinki pending liability determination. Fingrid, Elering, and Elisa—owners of the damaged infrastructure—filed the claim against the UAE-based owner, Caravella. The seizure ensures potential compensation for the significant damage caused.
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John Q. Hosedrinker