A new Polish regulation, effective September 1st, 2025, reduces state-funded religion classes in public schools to one hour weekly, down from two, despite Catholic Church objections. The change mandates scheduling these classes at the beginning or end of the school day if participation is not universal, aiming for increased timetable flexibility. The Church denounced the move as unlawful, citing a lack of prior agreement, while the education ministry countered that the alteration concerns class organization, not the subject’s existence itself. This action follows previous, contested changes to religious instruction scheduling, some of which are currently under review by the Constitutional Court.
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In response to a January 15th Russian missile and drone attack on Ukraine, two Norwegian F-35 fighter jets, based in Poland, were deployed for the first time to actively defend Polish airspace. This action underscores NATO’s commitment to its eastern flank, following a previous instance of Russian ordnance entering Polish airspace. Poland simultaneously announced an increase in its air force readiness, deploying additional fighter jets and enhancing ground defenses. This escalation comes despite previous advice for restraint regarding airspace violations and despite differing opinions on the appropriate response to such incursions.
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Polish Prime Minister Donald Tusk revealed Russia’s alleged plan to conduct global acts of sabotage, including targeting airlines with “air terror.” This claim, made alongside Ukrainian President Zelensky, highlights Warsaw’s assertion that Russia is waging hybrid warfare against Western nations supporting Ukraine. These accusations follow previous allegations of Russian involvement in a deadly Azerbaijani airliner crash and plots to place incendiary devices on cargo planes. Poland has already taken action, arresting individuals linked to sabotage and closing a Russian consulate.
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Poland’s Defence Minister, Władysław Kosiniak-Kamysz, supports Donald Trump’s call for NATO members to increase defence spending to 5% of GDP, viewing it as a necessary wake-up call for Europe. Poland, already a top spender at 4.12% of GDP in 2024, aims to reach 4.7% this year and advocates for a significant increase in EU defence spending. This stance reflects Poland’s leading role in bolstering European security, particularly in light of the war in Ukraine, and its commitment to strengthening NATO’s collective defence. Kosiniak-Kamysz highlights Poland’s substantial military investment and its active support for Ukraine as evidence of its commitment to this goal.
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Following an ICC warrant for Benjamin Netanyahu’s arrest, Poland’s government declared it would not detain any Israeli representatives attending the Auschwitz liberation anniversary. Hundreds protested this decision in Warsaw, criticizing the government for potentially undermining international law and its prior stance on similar warrants. The government justified its actions by emphasizing the significance of Holocaust Remembrance Day and the event’s importance to Israel. The ICC, however, reiterated that member states are legally obligated to enforce its decisions.
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Nearly 1,300 Ukrainians residing in various European nations have applied to join the Poland-based Ukrainian Legion, a volunteer military unit trained by the Polish Armed Forces. The Legion, launched in July 2024 to address Ukraine’s manpower needs, allows Ukrainians abroad to contribute to the defense effort while maintaining their foreign residency. A second recruitment wave, including women in medical and communications roles, recently concluded in Lublin. Following contract signing, recruits undergo training using NATO weaponry at Polish Armed Forces facilities.
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Following an investigation into the disappearance of anti-tank mines in June 2024, Brigadier General Tomasz Kępczyński was dismissed from his post. The missing mines, part of a larger shipment of explosives, were initially misreported and later discovered in an IKEA warehouse. This incident, reportedly involving the concealment of information from superiors, prompted the ongoing investigation. Kępczyński has yet to comment publicly.
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NATO has assumed command of Polish air defenses from the US, a transition intended to ensure continued support for Ukraine despite uncertainties surrounding the incoming Trump administration’s policies. This shift, part of a months-long effort, transfers responsibility for aiding Ukraine’s war effort from the US to European allies. The move safeguards crucial logistical nodes in Poland, vital for delivering aid to Ukraine. A final $500 million US military aid package was announced before the handover, alongside concerns over the future of the Ukraine Defense Contact Group.
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Despite an International Criminal Court (ICC) warrant for his arrest, Poland’s Prime Minister Donald Tusk confirmed that Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu will be guaranteed safe passage and will not be detained if he attends the Auschwitz liberation anniversary. This decision, supported by a government resolution, prioritizes the commemoration of Holocaust victims and ensures Israeli representation at the event. However, this stance has drawn criticism, with some arguing that Poland should uphold the ICC’s decision. The ICC warrant stems from allegations of war crimes and crimes against humanity.
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President Duda’s New Year’s address emphasized Poland’s unwavering commitment to its security, highlighting a strong military and robust alliances, particularly with the U.S., as crucial pillars. He advocated for increased NATO defense spending and prioritized strengthening EU-U.S. cooperation during Poland’s upcoming EU presidency. With 2025’s presidential elections approaching, Duda urged citizens to elect a successor prioritizing national security and upholding Poland’s sovereignty. He concluded by reflecting on Poland’s recent progress and expressing optimism for the future.
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John Q. Hosedrinker