By John Q. Hosedrinker 
In response to escalating Ukrainian drone attacks, Russia is actively rebuilding its air defenses around Moscow, mirroring Cold War-era strategies. An investigation by Radio Liberty reveals over 50 new surface-to-air missile (SAM) positions, primarily Pantsir systems, constructed in the Moscow region within the last two years. This reconstruction, initiated after the first drone strikes in May 2023, has led to the placement of SAMs in urban areas, increasing the risk of civilian damage from falling debris. Satellite imagery further confirms ongoing construction into 2025, particularly near the TsKAD and “small concrete road,” recreating a layered defense system reminiscent of the Soviet era.
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Russia Rebuilds Soviet-Era Air Defenses Around Moscow, Deploys Dozens of Pantsir Missile Sites — Russia is rebuilding its Cold War-era missile shield around Moscow, deploying over 50 Pantsir systems as drone attacks rise.
The news is out: Russia is desperately fortifying its capital city. It seems Moscow is getting a major upgrade in its air defenses, primarily focused on protecting against the rising threat of drone attacks. This includes the deployment of over 50 Pantsir missile systems around the city. This isn’t just a minor tweak; it’s a substantial effort, essentially rebuilding a defensive shield reminiscent of the Cold War era. The whole operation smacks of a nation recognizing it’s vulnerable to modern warfare and scrambling to adapt.
This move seems to be driven by necessity, as drone attacks are becoming more frequent and bolder. The decision to prioritize Moscow’s protection is understandable from a strategic point of view. Moscow is the political and symbolic heart of Russia, and protecting it from attack is paramount. The assumption is that the leadership is choosing to safeguard the capitol, even at the potential expense of other critical areas, like oil refineries, defense industries, and even the frontline troops. The logic is clear: keeping Moscow safe ensures stability and maintains the image of strength, even while challenges arise elsewhere.
The strategic placement of these Pantsir systems also raises a crucial question: what’s the cost? A single Pantsir system can be an expensive investment, with the cost of a unit potentially ranging between $13 million to $20 million. Add to that the cost of the missiles, which, according to some estimates, can be over $1 million apiece. The financial implications are substantial, especially in the context of a prolonged conflict. This expense adds to the pressure already felt by Russia’s economy.
The effectiveness of these defenses is already being debated. While the Pantsir system has its merits, including missiles and twin 30mm guns, there’s a growing concern about its ability to effectively counter the threat of swarming drones. Some observers suggest that guns might be more effective against these types of attacks. Drone swarms can overwhelm missile systems, potentially exhausting their ammunition or exploiting weaknesses in their tracking capabilities. There’s also the practical issue that has been shown in videos of the Pantsir system being destroyed by drones.
The whole situation highlights a shift in the war. If the Ukrainian military can constantly bombard Russia with drones, it will quickly drain Russian financial resources. This defensive build-up doesn’t just impact military strategy; it can also influence civilian morale. The presence of these air defense systems around Moscow sends a clear message: the city is under threat.
The situation shows the changing nature of modern warfare. It’s a reality where traditional defenses struggle to keep up with evolving threats. It shows how Russia is struggling to effectively protect its infrastructure, even its capital. If Moscow cannot defend itself, what does this mean for the country’s ability to protect other essential industrial and logistical targets? This will likely leave the vulnerable ones a soft target.
There is a clear irony here. The decision to focus on defending Moscow might unintentionally make other, more vulnerable targets easier to attack. While Moscow and St. Petersburg sleep peacefully, other areas may be more exposed to attacks. It’s as though the aggressor is finally realizing that they are in a war. The reality of drone attacks will start to make the Russians wake up to reality.
And it makes sense to ask the question: is all of this worth it? The costs are enormous. If Russia loses, this could be the end of the Russian empire. This is why Russia will keep protecting Moscow. Their citizens will finally understand that they are in a war, not a “special operation” taking place hundreds of miles away, to other people. The Russians must now deal with the reality of attacks, rising gas prices, and an economy in shambles.
This situation also underscores the current reality. It shows how difficult it is to occupy and hold territory in the modern world. The move could be the end of the Russian empire. If Russia loses, its history might be that of an aggressor. The hope is that the Ukrainians will start actively resisting any occupation.